Manufacture of horse nails



Patente-cl dan. 39, 1923- anaan rarsnr est-*ren SOLOMON Iv'I. CUTTEE, OF HABITEORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOE TO CAPEWELL HORSE NAIL COIJIPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICU'I', A CORFORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

MANUFACTURE OF HORSE NAILS.

Application filed January 20, 1917. Serial No. 148,436.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, SoLoMoN M. CU'r'rnR, a United States citizen, residing in Hartford, Connecticut, have invented the following described Improvements in the Manufacture of Horse Nails.

The invention provides a simple and economical means of producing,` heads` of improved structure and superior finish on horse-nails and other nails, and consists in the herein described method of upsetting a partially formed nail blank whereby the corners and edges of the rudimentary nail are turned or crowded inwardly into the body of the head and under conditions which permit the final shaping of the head without the formation of fins and without disturbing` the original lateral surface of the blank which may be the same surface as the stock from which the blank was made. In the drawings forming part hereof,

Fig. l represents a nail-blank with a rudinientary head in its relation to the die-cavity in which it is finished;

Fig. 2 an edge view of the same blank the same die-cavity;

Figs. 3 and 4 represent similar views with the first heading tool in the position it assumes at the completion of its heading stroke;

Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views with the second and final heading` tool in the position it assumes at the end of its stroke;

Fig. 7 illustrates, in larger soale and more or less diagrammatically, the action of the first heading tool upon the blank; and

Fig. 8 shows the finished nail-head.

The nail-blank shown in Figs. l and 2 will understood to he made of steel wire stock a wire of rectangnn .lon into so-called string-nail, connected nail-blanks which are subsequently severed into separate hlanks and pointed as indicated in the drawings. Such a blank has a rudimentary head ol" substantially the same cross-seotional shape as the original wire stock, but longer and narrower than the finshed head and its top surface is irreg'ular and commonly shows the mark of the shear by which it was severed from the string. It is first inserted in a sectional die block composed of the parts 1 and 2, which will be understood to be firmly seated in an appropriate solid bed, not shown in the drawings. The die block provides, in or betweenl its parts, a groove or recess 3, which is for the entry of the heading tools; and the die cavity proper, which opens into this recess, is shaped according to the desired finished form of the lower part only, of the nail-head, including also the immediately adjoining upper part of the shank or blade of the nail. VWhen the blank isin place in this cavit-y, the upper part of the head projectsV into the recess 3, being laterally unconfined by the die as will be noted, .and the opposite end projects beyond the opposite side of th`e die blocks, in which projecting relation that end may have already been subject to the point-ing` and trimming` operations. A The lower shoulders of the rudimentary head.

engage or rest upon the sloping faces of the nail-head cavity about as indicatedV in Fig s. l and 2.

The first heading tool, marked 4; in the drawings 'and understoodl to be mounted ona reciprocating plunger and appropriately guided. enter's the recess 3 and therein engag'es the' projecting head of the blank by its striking` face which is concaved or cupped as shown in Figs. 3 and ll, the concavity being oblong in the case of a horse nail-head. The npsettinicwI stroke of this tool is limited so that it advances upon the blank no further than necessary to shape thenpper part of the head and cause its lower part to fill out and more or less completely occupy the.

lower part or all of the tapered head cavity 5, which as stated conforms to the lower pa rt of the finished nail-head The tool does not approximato a contact with the bottom of the reness and Figs. 3 4 and 7 indicate a -W a in a general way the extent ofthis initial upsct, it eing understood of course, that stone 'ariation arises from variation of the X amount of metal in the head. The uppcr muali-sit end of the nail head is thus compacted ant domed by the concavity of the headingf tool and the corners and edges thereof are turned or folded inward towards the axis of the nail, while the intermediate part 6 of the head blank-the part which intervenes between the die-cavity of the heading tool and the die-cavity of the block --is distorted and slightly swollen by the effect of the stroke and according to the displacement of the metal above it. By appropriately varying the limit of the stroke ii' tool or the inctzil in the blank lieail"y the cxtent ot :Inch hiteral hnlginot the lr-hinlc is snhf cted to control and is easilyv 'ictcd 'to the dimeneions o'iz the finished. nail-head. 'lt Will he oliservei'l that the nailhead in this condition still retains its origi- ,nzil surface of' skin except at the Very 'top Where the corners have hcen crowded iniva rd in proilncinoV the doined top.

inter the `erithdraWal ot the'heading tool l., the ronnded and slightly hulged nail-head snhjeii'ted to the stroke oi' a second heading tool. marked 'T in Figs. 5 and G. The shape ot' this tool, as Will he plain 'from the drav-iine represents the intendetshape for the top L:- rface or snrfaces of the nail head.

The sain tool,, being` appropriately inounted lor the purpose, tits' the recess 3 snugly and advancee on thevhlankfai' enough to iinpart its own shape thereto, at the same time further ewelling the head into full contact with the wells of the die-caii'ity, and giving the part 6 the thickness of the recess 3 es shown in Fig. 6, and also increasing its vfridth a desired an'ionnt. The edg'es thus formed on the part G, are formed by nnobstrncted bnlefing .into the recess 3 and are thei'ctore slightl/ cnrved as indicated inore clearly in Fig'. S. hut such cnrvature is not consi'nciions in the nail itself. Neithei' hendingtool aifn'oaches closely enough to the hot- 'ti'zn olE 'the recess 3 to develop fins on the puri; G :ind consequentl)y the nail head is finished When 'the second tool ii-'ithdran's and requires merely to he elenned to be ready for ysrhiprnent. It retains the smooth surface oi* skin of the original Wire stock on its sides. Which obviously remains nnbroken and is simply stretched to acconnnodato the material `tolded in by the upsetting action. lt :tollows that the only surface irregularities in the arrangement of the original fibres ol' the metal are conned to an area Well within the edges defining the top of the naiL head, and at this point such irregularities are not there'fore thereafter subjected to in- 'linenees Which Would make them apparent or objectionable, While the objects stated are atiained by no greater niiinhei: of headformingl steps than are nonv generally einployed.

Claim:

The. method otV producing naihheads on horse-nails, Which consists in holding a nailblank head in a die-cavity shaped to conform With the form of the lower part of the desired nail-headL` npsetting said blank by a cupped tool adapted to fold the corners tl'iereoi2 inirardly and While leaving the interinediate portion of the head free to sWell or'hnlge laterally nndcr the effect of sneh hea'ding' tool and thereafter npsetting the` said nail-hlank head With a finishing' head.- ing: tool VWhile retaining said interniediate portion of the nail-head in'iobstructed :is to linlo'ing; in the direction of its Width.

Tn testimoniV whereot, T have signed this specification.

SOLOMON M. CUTTER. 

